Dolby is the name when discussing noise reduction about recording using analogue tape. The Dolby cards used in these modules provides 2 different types of noise reduction Dolby A offering upto 10db of tape and machine noise reduction and Dolby SR which provides up to 35 db of tape and machine noise reduction.
The units can be switched between Dolby A & Dolby SR.
Using Noise reduction allows the user to record at 15 inches per second rather than 30 inches per second which is often used for recording without any form of noise reduction. If you can record at 15 ips it reduces tape costs by 50%
It is not only tape hiss which causes noise, the recorder can also add some noise which the Dolby will remove.
The BBC used to say that recording at 15 ips with Dolby A was the best possible standard.
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